Enterprise graph platforms compared
Graph platforms sold and supported as major vendor products.
21 active enterprise graph platforms are in the catalogue. They are written mostly in C++ and Go, 6 are open source, and 13 carry survey feature scores. Graph Engine, ByteGraph, Cray Graph Engine are no longer active and listed separately below.
| Attribute | ArangoDB | Dgraph | Neptune | Memgraph | OrientDB | Cosmos DB |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| At a glance | ||||||
| Rank | #2 | #3 | #4 | #5 | #11 | #16 |
| Score | 68.8 | 67.6 | 65.5 | 64.6 | 62.9 | 60.4 |
| GitHub stars | 14.3k | 21.8k | — | 4.4k | 5k | — |
| Popularity | 85.8 | 79.7 | 81.2 | 67.0 | 80.4 | 73.8 |
| Activity | 80.0 | 77.2 | 95.5 | 82.1 | 62.5 | — |
| Community | 51.6 | 67.3 | 53.7 | 61.0 | 57.4 | 47.6 |
| Research | 80.5 | 62.3 | 58.4 | 61.1 | 64.8 | 88.5 |
| Fundamentals | ||||||
| Description | A multi-model database supporting graphs, key-value pairs, and documents in a unified JSON-based data model. Offers both an in-memory storage engine and a RocksDB-based engine for larger datasets. | A distributed graph database with horizontal scaling and ACID transactions. Uses its own query language (DQL) derived from GraphQL, with automatic shard rebalancing across cluster nodes. | A fully managed graph database service from AWS supporting both property graph and RDF models. Available as Neptune Database (for transactional workloads) and Neptune Analytics (for analytical queries). | An in-memory property graph database with ACID transactions and strong consistency. Includes the MAGE library of graph algorithms and supports real-time streaming ingestion. | A distributed multi-model database combining graph and document models with TinkerPop support. Features sharding for horizontal scaling and ACID transactions. | A globally distributed multi-model database service on Microsoft Azure with property graph support through the Apache Gremlin API. Offers multi-region replication and multiple consistency models. |
| Vendor | ArangoDB Inc | Istari | Amazon Web Services | Memgraph | OrientDB Community | Microsoft |
| Model | Multiple | Property Graph | Multiple | Property Graph | Multiple | Multiple |
| Kind | database | database | database | database | database | database |
| Category | Enterprise | Enterprise | Enterprise | Enterprise | Enterprise | Enterprise |
| First released | 2012-03 | 2015-12 | 2017-11 | 2020-05 | 2010 | 2014-08 |
| Status | active | active | active | active | active | active |
| License | BUSL-1.1 | Apache-2.0 | Proprietary | BUSL-1.1 | Apache-2.0 | Proprietary |
| Written in | C++ | Go | C++ | C++ | Java | C++ |
| Query languages | AQL | DQL, GraphQL | Gremlin, SPARQL, openCypher | openCypher | SQL, Gremlin | Gremlin, SQL |
| gdotv support | no | yes | yes | yes | no | yes |
Feature scores 36 of 46 rows differ
| Feature | ArangoDB | Dgraph | Neptune | Memgraph | OrientDB | Cosmos DB |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Community & Business | ||||||
| Active development | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Commercial support | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Live community | 0.5 | 0.5 | ✓ | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
| Open Source | ✓ | ✓ | · | · | ✓ | · |
| Pricing | · | · | ✓ | · | · | ✓ |
| Trendiness | 0.25 | 0.25 | ✓ | 0.25 | 0.25 | ✓ |
| Deployment | ||||||
| Containerization | ✓ | ✓ | · | ✓ | ✓ | 0.5 |
| Work as dedicated instance | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Work as embedded | · | · | · | · | ✓ | · |
| Testing in-memory version | ✓ | ✓ | · | 0.75 | ✓ | ✓ |
| Platform | ||||||
| Operating on Linux | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | · |
| Operating on Windows | ✓ | ✓ | · | 0.5 | ✓ | ✓ |
| SaaS offering | · | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | · | ✓ |
| Operations | ||||||
| Automatic updates | · | · | ✓ | · | · | ✓ |
| Client side caching | · | · | ✓ | · | · | · |
| Data versioning support | · | · | · | · | · | · |
| Live backups | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Distribution | ||||||
| Cluster Re-balancing | ✓ | ✓ | · | ✓ | · | 0.5 |
| Data Distribution | ✓ | ✓ | · | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| High-Availability | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Query Distribution | ✓ | ✓ | 0.5 | ✓ | 0.5 | ✓ |
| Replication support | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Developer Experience | ||||||
| Data types defined | ✓ | ✓ | 0.5 | · | ✓ | · |
| Logging/Auditing | ✓ | 0.5 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Object-Graph Mapper | ✓ | · | · | ✓ | · | ✓ |
| Reactive programming | · | · | ✓ | · | · | ✓ |
| Documentation up-to-date | ✓ | 0.5 | ✓ | 0.75 | 0.5 | ✓ |
| Binary protocol | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | · |
| CLI | ✓ | · | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| GUI | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Data Model | ||||||
| Multi-database | ✓ | · | · | · | ✓ | ✓ |
| Graph-native data | · | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | · | · |
| REST API | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | · | ✓ | ✓ |
| Query Language | 0.5 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Transactions | ||||||
| Granular locking | · | · | ✓ | · | · | · |
| Multiple isolation levels | · | · | ✓ | · | ✓ | ✓ |
| Read committed transaction | · | · | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Transaction support | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | 0.5 |
| Schema & Security | ||||||
| Constraints | ✓ | · | ✓ | ✓ | · | · |
| Schema support | 0.5 | ✓ | 0.5 | 0.75 | ✓ | · |
| Secondary indexes | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Server side procedures | 0.5 | · | · | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Triggers | · | · | · | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Authentication | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Authorization | 0.5 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Data encryption | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | · | ✓ | ✓ |
All 21 engines
| Name | Vendor | Model | Category | GitHub stars | License | Written in | Query languages | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SAP Hana | SAP | Multiple | Enterprise | — | Proprietary | C++ | SQL, openCypher, GraphScript | #21 |
| Stardog | Stardog Union | RDF | Enterprise | — | Proprietary | Java | SPARQL, SQL, GraphQL | #23 |
| RDFox | Samsung | RDF | Enterprise | — | Proprietary | C++ | SPARQL | #28 |
| Oracle Graph | Oracle | Multiple | Enterprise | — | Proprietary | Java | SQL/PGQ, PGQL, SPARQL | #30 |
| Google Cloud Spanner Graph | Property Graph | Enterprise | — | Proprietary | C++ | GQL, SQL/PGQ | #37 | |
| Aerospike Graph | Aerospike | Property Graph | Enterprise | 1.4k | Apache-2.0 | Java | Gremlin | #39 |
| Virtuoso | OpenLink Software | Multiple | Enterprise | 974 | GPL-2.0 | C | SQL, SPARQL | #42 |
| Google Cloud BigQuery Graph | Property Graph | Enterprise | — | Proprietary | C++ | GQL, SQL/PGQ | #43 | |
| MarkLogic | Progress Software | Multiple | Enterprise | — | Proprietary | C++ | SPARQL, XQuery, SQL | #52 |
| GraphBase | FactNexus | Property Graph | Enterprise | — | Proprietary | — | GraphQL | #61 |
| Ontotext GraphDB | Graphwise | RDF | Enterprise | — | Proprietary | Java | SPARQL | #65 |
| Rapidminer Graph Lakehouse | Siemens | RDF | Enterprise | — | Proprietary | C++ | SPARQL, openCypher | #86 |
| Huawei Graph Engine Service | Huawei Cloud | Property Graph | Enterprise | — | Proprietary | C++ | Gremlin, openCypher | #87 |
| Microsoft Fabric Graph | Microsoft | Property Graph | Enterprise | — | Proprietary | — | GQL | #92 |
| Alibaba GDB | Alibaba Cloud | Property Graph | Enterprise | — | Proprietary | — | — | #112 |
No longer active
- Graph Engine — Microsoft Research project. Limited recent activity.
- ByteGraph — ByteDance internal system. Not publicly available.
- Cray Graph Engine — Discontinued after HPE acquired Cray in 2019. Product was not carried forward.
- InfiniteGraph — Objectivity Inc ceased operations in late 2023.
- Objectivity/DB — Objectivity Inc ceased operations in late 2023.
- IBM System G — IBM discontinued System G. No longer available.